The following was tested using Teamviewer Version 11.x. The application behavior may change at any time.

For both explicit and transparent proxy, include the following CPL:
 
define condition teamviewer
url.host.regex="server([1-9][0-9]+)\.teamviewer\.com"
url.host.regex="master[1-9]\.teamviewer\.com"
url.regex="server([1-9][0-9]+)\.teamviewer\.com"
url.regex="master[1-9]\.teamviewer\.com"
url.domain="ping3.teamviewer.com"
url.domain=client.teamviewer.com
end condition teamviewer

define condition USER1
realm=FirstRealm user="domain\username"
end condition USER1

<proxy>
condition=USER1 condition=teamviewer force_deny

Note: Replace the realm, domain, and user names to match your deployment.